Ukhrul: Former Prime Minister of India Dr. Manmohan Singh, one of the most influential figures in Indian politics and economics, passed away on December 26, 2024, at the age of 92. He was undergoing treatment for age-related medical conditions and suffered a sudden loss of consciousness at his residence earlier in the evening. Despite resuscitative efforts at home and later at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) in New Delhi, doctors could not revive him and he was declared dead at 9:51 PM.
Dr. Singh’s passing marks the end of an era as his contributions have left an indelible mark on the nation’s political and economic journey. His life was a testament to resilience and intellect as he rose from humble beginnings to lead India with dignity and wisdom.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi expressed deep sorrow over Singh’s passing. He said, “India mourns the loss of one of its most distinguished leaders, Dr. Manmohan Singh Ji. Rising from humble origins, he rose to become a respected economist. He served in various government positions as well, including as Finance Minister, leaving a strong imprint on our economic policy over the years. His interventions in Parliament were also insightful. As our Prime Minister, he made extensive efforts to improve people’s lives.”
India mourns the loss of one of its most distinguished leaders, Dr. Manmohan Singh Ji. Rising from humble origins, he rose to become a respected economist. He served in various government positions as well, including as Finance Minister, leaving a strong imprint on our economic… pic.twitter.com/clW00Yv6oP
— Narendra Modi (@narendramodi) December 26, 2024
Reflecting on their professional relationship, Modi added, “Dr. Manmohan Singh Ji and I interacted regularly when he was PM and I was the CM of Gujarat. We would have extensive deliberations on various subjects relating to governance. His wisdom and humility were always visible. In this hour of grief, my thoughts are with the family of Dr. Manmohan Singh Ji, his friends, and countless admirers. Om Shanti.”
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Union Home Minister Amit Shah also paid tribute to Singh, calling his demise a “great loss.” Shah wrote, “The news of the demise of former Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh is extremely sad. From being the Governor of the Reserve Bank of India to the Finance Minister of the country and as the Prime Minister, Dr. Manmohan Singh played an important role in the governance of the country. I express my condolences to his family and supporters in this hour of grief. May Waheguru grant peace to his soul and give strength to his family to bear this grief.”
Former President of India Ram Nath Kovind expressed his condolences and described Singh as a distinguished leader and statesman. “Deeply saddened by the demise of Former Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh Ji. A distinguished leader, economist, and statesman, his contributions to India’s growth and global standing will be remembered with great respect. My heartfelt condolences to his family and loved ones,” he said.
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Congress leader Rahul Gandhi remembered Singh as a mentor and guide. “Manmohan Singh Ji led India with immense wisdom and integrity. His humility and deep understanding of economics inspired the nation. My heartfelt condolences to Mrs. Kaur and the family. I have lost a mentor and guide. Millions of us who admired him will remember him with the utmost pride,” he said.
Manmohan Singh Ji led India with immense wisdom and integrity. His humility and deep understanding of economics inspired the nation.
— Rahul Gandhi (@RahulGandhi) December 26, 2024
My heartfelt condolences to Mrs. Kaur and the family.
I have lost a mentor and guide. Millions of us who admired him will remember him with the… pic.twitter.com/bYT5o1ZN2R
Priyanka Gandhi Vadra also paid tribute, calling Singh a symbol of honesty and egalitarianism in politics. “Few people in politics inspire the kind of respect that Sardar Manmohan Singh ji did. His honesty will always be an inspiration for us and he will forever stand tall among those who truly love this country as someone who remained steadfast in his commitment to serve the nation despite being subjected to unfair and deeply personal attacks by his opponents. He was genuinely egalitarian, wise, strong-willed and courageous until the end. A uniquely dignified gentleman in the rough world of politics,” she said.
Learn More About Dr. Manmohan Singh’s Life
Early Life and Academic Journey
Dr. Manmohan Singh was born on September 26, 1932, in Gah, a village in the Punjab province of British India, which is now part of Pakistan. Hardships marked his childhood as he lost his mother at a young age and was raised by his grandmother. The partition of India in 1947 forced his family to migrate to Amritsar in Punjab, and this displacement left a lasting impression on him.
Despite these challenges, Singh excelled in academics and completed his degree in economics from Panjab University in Chandigarh, where he consistently topped his class. His academic brilliance earned him a scholarship to the University of Cambridge, where he pursued a degree in economics and graduated with distinction.
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Driven by his passion for knowledge, Singh continued his studies and completed a doctorate in economics at the University of Oxford. His doctoral thesis, “India’s Export Performance, 1951–1960: An Interdisciplinary Analysis,” was widely regarded as groundbreaking and established him as an expert in the field of economics.
Dr. Singh’s Journey From Academia to Policymaking
Dr. Singh began his career as a professor, teaching international trade at the Delhi School of Economics. His scholarly insights brought him to the attention of policymakers, and he joined the Indian government in the early 1970s. Over the years, he served in several key positions, including chief economic advisor, Secretary in the Finance Ministry, and Governor of the Reserve Bank of India.
As the Governor of the RBI from 1982 to 1985, Singh played a pivotal role in modernizing India’s banking systems and introducing financial reforms that improved monetary stability. His reputation as a pragmatic policymaker grew during this period, and he became a trusted figure in India’s economic governance.
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In 1991, as India faced a severe economic crisis, Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao appointed Singh as Finance Minister. This marked a turning point in his career and in the nation’s financial history.
1991 Economic Reforms: Reshaping India’s Future
As Finance Minister, Dr. Singh spearheaded economic reforms that transformed India. The country was on the brink of a financial collapse, but his policies liberalized the economy, dismantled the restrictive license raj, and opened the country to global markets. These reforms not only stabilized the economy but also paved the way for decades of growth and global integration.
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His 1991 budget speech, in which he famously stated, “No power on Earth can stop an idea whose time has come,” became a symbol of hope and renewal. The reforms he introduced under Rao’s leadership remain one of the most significant turning points in India’s economic history.
The Prime Ministership of Dr. Singh
In 2004, Dr. Singh was sworn in as India’s Prime Minister, becoming the first Sikh to hold the position. Leading the United Progressive Alliance (UPA), Singh served two terms from 2004 to 2014. His tenure as Prime Minister saw major socio-economic and policy advancements.
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Under his leadership, landmark programs such as the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) were launched, providing employment to millions in rural areas. The Right to Information Act empowered citizens and strengthened democratic accountability. His government also implemented the National Rural Health Mission, improving access to healthcare for the poor.
On the international front, Singh played a key role in elevating India’s global standing. The India-US Civil Nuclear Agreement, which he negotiated with the United States, allowed India access to nuclear technology and fuel for civilian purposes despite not being a signatory to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. This agreement was a testament to his strategic acumen and ability to navigate complex international negotiations.
Despite his achievements, Singh faced challenges during his second term, which was marred by corruption scandals and accusations of policy paralysis. However, his personal integrity remained unblemished and he was widely respected for his humility and sincerity.
Dr. Singh’s Personal Life of Simplicity and Dedication
Dr. Singh was known for his unassuming demeanour and commitment to his family. Married to Gursharan Kaur, he was a devoted husband and father to three daughters. Despite being at the helm of Indian politics, he remained deeply rooted in simplicity and avoided the trappings of power.
A Legacy of Vision and Integrity
Dr. Singh will be remembered as a leader who transformed India’s economy and led the nation with wisdom and dignity. His contributions as an economist, policymaker, and Prime Minister have left an enduring legacy that continues to inspire.
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Tributes poured in from across the country and the world. Prime Minister Narendra Modi described him as “one of India’s most distinguished leaders,” while Home Minister Amit Shah praised his role in governance. Former President Ram Nath Kovind and Congress leaders Rahul Gandhi and Priyanka Gandhi Vadra also expressed their condolences, highlighting his humility, wisdom, and service to the nation.
Dr. Singh’s passing is a profound loss for India, but his legacy will continue to guide and inspire future generations. As the nation mourns his death, it also celebrates his extraordinary life and contributions that have left an indelible mark on India’s history.
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Frequently Asked Questions About Dr. Manmohan Singh
Who was Dr. Manmohan Singh?
Dr. Manmohan Singh was the 13th Prime Minister of India, serving two terms from 2004 to 2014. He was a renowned economist and politician who played a crucial role in shaping India’s economic policies.
What were Dr. Manmohan Singh’s achievements as Prime Minister?
During his tenure, Dr. Singh introduced several landmark programs, including the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), the Right to Information Act, and the National Rural Health Mission. He also negotiated the India-US Civil Nuclear Agreement, elevating India’s global standing.
What were the circumstances surrounding Dr. Manmohan Singh’s death?
Dr. Singh passed away on December 26, 2024, at the age of 92, due to age-related medical conditions. He suffered a sudden loss of consciousness at his residence and was declared dead at 9:51 PM despite resuscitative efforts.
What is Dr. Manmohan Singh’s legacy?
Dr. Singh will be remembered for transforming India’s economy and leading the nation with wisdom and dignity. His contributions as an economist, policymaker, and Prime Minister have left an enduring legacy that continues to inspire future generations.
How did the nation react to Dr. Manmohan Singh’s passing?
Tributes poured in from across the country and the world, with leaders like Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Home Minister Amit Shah, and Congress leaders Rahul Gandhi and Priyanka Gandhi Vadra expressing their condolences and highlighting Dr. Singh’s humility, wisdom, and service to the nation.
What was Dr. Manmohan Singh’s role in the various corruption scandals that marred his second term as Prime Minister?
Dr. Singh’s government faced several corruption scandals, including the 2G spectrum scam, the Commonwealth Games scam, and the coal allocation scam. While Dr. Singh himself was not directly implicated in these scandals, his government was criticized for its handling of the issues and for not taking adequate action against those involved.
How did Dr. Manmohan Singh’s economic policies impact the poor and marginalized sections of Indian society?
Dr. Singh’s economic policies, including the liberalization and privatization of key sectors, have been criticized for widening income inequality and exacerbating poverty. However, his government also implemented several social welfare programs, such as the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), which aimed to provide employment and income support to rural households.
What was Dr. Manmohan Singh’s stance on issues like communalism and terrorism during his tenure as Prime Minister?
Dr. Singh’s government faced criticism for its handling of communal violence, particularly in the aftermath of the 2002 Gujarat riots. However, Dr. Singh himself was known for his commitment to secularism and his efforts to promote communal harmony. On terrorism, Dr. Singh’s government took a strong stance, particularly in the aftermath of the 2008 Mumbai terror attacks.
How effective was Dr. Manmohan Singh’s leadership in addressing issues like inflation, unemployment, and poverty during his tenure?
Dr. Singh’s leadership on economic issues was mixed. While his government implemented several policies aimed at promoting economic growth, the country faced high inflation, particularly in the latter half of his tenure. Unemployment and poverty also remained significant challenges.
What was Dr. Manmohan Singh’s relationship like with his party colleagues, particularly Sonia Gandhi, and how did it impact his decision-making as Prime Minister?
Dr. Singh’s relationship with Sonia Gandhi, the Congress party president, was seen as a key factor in his decision-making as Prime Minister. While Dr. Singh was known for his independence and integrity, he often consulted with Gandhi on key issues, and her views carried significant weight.
How did Dr. Manmohan Singh’s government handle issues like the 2G spectrum scam, the Commonwealth Games scam, and the coal allocation scam?
Dr. Singh’s government faced criticism for its handling of these scandals, with many accusing it of being slow to act and failing to hold those responsible accountable. While Dr. Singh himself was not directly implicated, his government’s response to the scandals was seen as inadequate.
What was Dr. Manmohan Singh’s vision for India’s foreign policy, and how did he engage with global leaders during his tenure?
Dr. Singh’s vision for India’s foreign policy was centered on promoting the country’s economic and strategic interests while maintaining good relations with neighboring countries and global powers. He engaged extensively with global leaders, particularly during his tenure as Prime Minister, and played a key role in shaping India’s relationships with countries like the United States, China, and Pakistan.
How did Dr. Manmohan Singh’s economic policies impact India’s environmental and ecological sustainability?
Dr. Singh’s economic policies, particularly his emphasis on rapid industrialization and economic growth, have been criticized for their environmental impact. While his government implemented several policies aimed at promoting sustainable development, the country’s environmental challenges, including air and water pollution, deforestation, and climate change, remained significant.
What was Dr. Manmohan Singh’s stance on issues like nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation, particularly in the context of the India-US Civil Nuclear Agreement?
Dr. Singh was a strong advocate for nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation. However, his government’s decision to negotiate the India-US Civil Nuclear Agreement was seen as a significant departure from India’s traditional stance on nuclear issues.
How will Dr. Manmohan Singh’s legacy be remembered in the context of India’s current political and economic landscape?
Dr. Singh’s legacy will be remembered as a complex and multifaceted one. While his economic policies and leadership style have been criticized, his commitment to secularism, his efforts to promote communal harmony, and his role in shaping India’s relationships with global powers will be remembered as significant contributions to India’s development.
Where was Dr. Manmohan Singh born?
Dr. Manmohan Singh was born on September 26, 1932, in Gah, a village in the Punjab province of British India, which is now part of Pakistan.
What were the circumstances of Dr. Manmohan Singh’s early life, particularly during the Partition of India?
Dr. Singh’s early life was marked by hardship, particularly during the Partition of India in 1947. His family migrated to Amritsar in Punjab, India, and struggled to rebuild their lives. Dr. Singh has spoken about the trauma and displacement caused by the Partition.
How did Dr. Manmohan Singh meet his wife, Gursharan Kaur?
Dr. Singh met his wife, Gursharan Kaur, while studying at Panjab University in Chandigarh. They were married in 1958.
What are the names of Dr. Manmohan Singh’s children, and what are their professions?
Dr. Singh’s children are Daman Singh, Amrit Singh, and Upinder Singh. Daman Singh is a writer and author, Amrit Singh is a lawyer, and Upinder Singh is a historian and academic.
What are Dr. Manmohan Singh’s hobbies and interests outside of politics and economics?
Dr. Singh’s hobbies include reading, particularly about history and economics. He is also known to be a keen follower of cricket.
How did Dr. Manmohan Singh balance his personal and professional life during his tenure as Prime Minister?
Dr. Singh has spoken about the importance of his family in supporting him during his tenure as Prime Minister. His wife, Gursharan Kaur, was a constant presence at official events, and his children also played an important role in supporting him.
What role did Dr. Manmohan Singh’s family play in supporting him during his political career?
Dr. Singh’s family played a crucial role in supporting him during his political career. His wife, Gursharan Kaur, managed the household and raised their children, allowing Dr. Singh to focus on his work.
How did Dr. Manmohan Singh cope with the pressures and stresses of being Prime Minister?
Dr. Singh has spoken about the importance of yoga and meditation in coping with stress. He has also spoken about the importance of reading and relaxation in unwinding after a long day.
What are some of Dr. Manmohan Singh’s most cherished personal memories and achievements?
Dr. Singh has spoken fondly of his time as a student at Cambridge and Oxford universities. He has also spoken about the pride he felt in serving as Prime Minister of India.
How will Dr. Manmohan Singh’s personal legacy be remembered, particularly in the context of his humility and integrity?
Dr. Singh’s personal legacy will be remembered for his humility, integrity, and commitment to public service. He will be remembered as a leader who remained grounded and humble despite holding high office.
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